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Scientific intelligence record

Experience 2.0

Synthetic tetrapeptide bioregulator

Epitalon

Also known as: Epithalon, Epitalon tetrapeptide, AEDG peptide

Epitalon (also transliterated Epithalon) is the tetrapeptide Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly associated with Russian peptide-bioregulator research. Proposed effects include modulation of gene expression, circadian biology, oxidative stress, and telomerase-related pathways, but mechanisms and clinical relevance remain uncertain.

Record status

Traceability partial

Last meaningful update: 9/8/2026

Evidence searched through:
Not recorded
Assessment updated:
9/8/2026
Documented human review:
No documented human review recorded
Automated scientific assessment:
9/8/2026
AI source check:
None recorded

Published source links and profile text pass separate gates. Only a documented human review is labelled as human review; an automated scientific assessment applies deterministic checks, and an AI source check confirms only that a source exists and matches its identifiers. A source count alone does not establish a review.

Evidence coverage has three distinct layers. The corpus count is a transparent screening inventory, the featured set contains study-level tiering and interpretation, and the published-source count contains records promoted through the institutional publication workflow. Source validation, editorial publication, and scientific appraisal are separate decisions; these numbers must not be merged.

Ranked research corpus

122

Categorized publications with provisional ranking; scientific review remains separate.

Featured tiered studies

0

Cornerstone publications with study-level interpretation, limitations, and tier disclosure.

Research domains

4

Clinical and scientific questions synthesized independently across the evidence atlas.

Published source records

25

Database records promoted through the governed publication workflow—not the corpus total.

Corpus generated 2026-09-18. Counts remain separately labeled so screening is not represented as completed review.

Human experience · separate evidence stream

No community pattern is displayed yet

Eligible observations remain below the privacy and reliability threshold. WPF will not convert a handful of reports into a percentage, trend, or clinical claim.

Observation is valuable human context. It is not evidence of causation, efficacy, or safety.

Public display gate

n ≥ 20 eligible observations

Exact progress remains private before the threshold.

Contribute an observationArchive details

Intelligence snapshot

The state of the record

A compact view of what is represented, what remains unresolved, and how completely the record can be traced.

Ranked research corpus

122

Categorized screening records; proposed rankings remain pending human appraisal.

Featured tiered studies

0

Cornerstone studies with published study-level interpretation and tier disclosure.

Research domains

4

Independent evidence dossiers covering the major research questions.

Published source records

25

Source records published through the governed workflow; this count does not certify scientific conclusions.

Contradictions

0

Conflicting evidence relationships that remain visible.

Research gaps

1

Questions the current record identifies as unresolved.

Connected media

0

Media records explicitly linked to this scientific record.

What we know

Evidence, claims, and boundaries

The project separates represented evidence from qualification, contradiction, uncertainty, and what the evidence does not establish.

Reconciled domain conclusions

4 published domain syntheses connected to 0 featured studies

Epitalon no longer relies on the legacy “no public claim” state. Each research domain publishes a bounded synthesis, confidence level, evidence context, limitations, geographic applicability, regulatory interpretation, and research gaps. Publication of these syntheses is separate from the scientific review status shown above.

Inspect the reconciled evidence atlas
Inspect the published evidence record25 governed records · titles, provenance, and original-source linksOpen records ↓
2003Phase 1–2 human evidence
Evidence strength C · 63/100 · ProvisionalHow this is rated

This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.

Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.

Source authority
78/100
Study design and bias control
68/100
Directness
45/100
Population relevance
78/100
Reporting quality
68/100
Replication
45/100

Automated structured-metadata baseline; full-text risk-of-bias review may revise this rating.

Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.

Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0

Gateways to clinical trials.

This issue focuses on the following selection of drugs: Abetimus sodium, adefovir dipivoxil, AGI-1067, alefacept, alemtuzumab, ALVAC-p53, aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride, aminolevulinic acid methyl ester, Anti-CTLA-4 Mab, AOD-9604, apafant, aprinocarsen sodium, arsenic trioxide …

Authors
Bayés M, Rabasseda X, Prous JR.
Source
peer_reviewed_research
PubMed
14571286
Open original source
2002Animal research
Evidence strength C · 60/100 · ProvisionalHow this is rated

This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.

Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.

Source authority
78/100
Study design and bias control
46/100
Directness
88/100
Population relevance
25/100
Reporting quality
68/100
Replication
45/100

Automated structured-metadata baseline; full-text risk-of-bias review may revise this rating.

Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.

Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0

Epithalon decelerates aging and suppresses development of breast adenocarcinomas in transgenic her-2/neu mice.

Epithalon prolonged the average and maximum lifetimes of mice by 13.5 (p<0.05) and 13.9%, respectively. ...Epithalon prolonged the lifetime of mice with breast tumors by 1.4 times (p<0.05). These results indicate that Epithalon possesses geroprotective …

Authors
Anisimov VN, Khavinson VKh, Alimova IN, Semchenko AV, Yashin AI.
Source
peer_reviewed_research
DOI
10.1023/a:1021104819170
PubMed
12459848
Open original source
2007Animal research
Evidence strength C · 60/100 · ProvisionalHow this is rated

This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.

Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.

Source authority
78/100
Study design and bias control
46/100
Directness
88/100
Population relevance
25/100
Reporting quality
68/100
Replication
45/100

Automated structured-metadata baseline; full-text risk-of-bias review may revise this rating.

Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.

Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0

Effects of bioactive tetrapeptides on free-radical processes.

Injections of epithalon and cortagen to rats decreased the content of LPO products and reduced oxidative modification of proteins, which was paralleled by suppression of antioxidant activity in rat serum and cerebral cortex....

Authors
Kozina LS.
Source
peer_reviewed_research
DOI
10.1007/s10517-007-0230-8
PubMed
18239817
Open original source
2002Animal research
Evidence strength C · 60/100 · ProvisionalHow this is rated

This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.

Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.

Source authority
78/100
Study design and bias control
46/100
Directness
88/100
Population relevance
25/100
Reporting quality
68/100
Replication
45/100

Automated structured-metadata baseline; full-text risk-of-bias review may revise this rating.

Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.

Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0

Peptides and Ageing.

Epitalon reproduces the effects of Epithalamin including those related to its geroprotector activity. In particular, Epitalon increases the lifespan of mice and fruit flies and restores the circadian rhythms of melatonin and cortisol production in old rhesus monkeys …

Authors
Khavinson VKh.
Source
peer_reviewed_research
PubMed
12374906
Open original source
2000Animal research
Evidence strength C · 60/100 · ProvisionalHow this is rated

This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.

Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.

Source authority
78/100
Study design and bias control
46/100
Directness
88/100
Population relevance
25/100
Reporting quality
68/100
Replication
45/100

Automated structured-metadata baseline; full-text risk-of-bias review may revise this rating.

Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.

Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0

Effect of pineal tetrapeptide on antioxidant defense in Drosophila melanogaster.

Effects of synthetic pineal tetrapeptide L-Ala-L-Glu-L-Asp-L-Glu (Epithalon) on specific catalase activity and the content of conjugated hydroperoxides in highly inbred Drosophila melanogaster lines differing in reproductive functions were studied. It was shown that Epi …

Authors
Khavinson VK, Myl'nikov SV.
Source
peer_reviewed_research
DOI
10.1007/BF02439268
PubMed
10977918
Open original source
2004Animal research
Evidence strength C · 60/100 · ProvisionalHow this is rated

This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.

Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.

Source authority
78/100
Study design and bias control
46/100
Directness
88/100
Population relevance
25/100
Reporting quality
68/100
Replication
45/100

Automated structured-metadata baseline; full-text risk-of-bias review may revise this rating.

Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.

Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0

Peptide correction of age-related hormonal dysfunction of the pancreas in monkeys.

We studied the effect of Epithalon on the function of pancreatic islets and regulation of blood glucose level in female rhesus monkeys of various ages. Epithalon corrected the age-related decrease in glucose tolerance and restored the dynamics of insulin level in re …

Authors
Goncharova ND, Vengerin AA, Khavinson VKh, Lapin BA.
Source
peer_reviewed_research
DOI
10.1023/b:bebm.0000046946.25425.f5
PubMed
15514731
Open original source
2022Animal research
Evidence strength C · 60/100 · ProvisionalHow this is rated

This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.

Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.

Source authority
78/100
Study design and bias control
46/100
Directness
88/100
Population relevance
25/100
Reporting quality
68/100
Replication
45/100

Automated structured-metadata baseline; full-text risk-of-bias review may revise this rating.

Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.

Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0

Epitalon protects against post-ovulatory aging-related damage of mouse oocytes in vitro.

The current study aims to test the protective effects of Epitalon on the quality of post-ovulatory aging oocytes. Epitalon at 0.1mM was added to the culture medium, and the quality of oocytes was evaluated at 6h, 12h, and 24h of culture. ...Our results suggest that …

Authors
Yue X, Liu SL, Guo JN, Meng TG, Zhang XR, Li HX, Song CY, Wang ZB, Schatten H, Sun QY, Guo XP.
Source
peer_reviewed_research
DOI
10.18632/aging.204007
PubMed
35413689
Open original source
2002Animal research
Evidence strength C · 60/100 · ProvisionalHow this is rated

This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.

Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.

Source authority
78/100
Study design and bias control
46/100
Directness
88/100
Population relevance
25/100
Reporting quality
68/100
Replication
45/100

Automated structured-metadata baseline; full-text risk-of-bias review may revise this rating.

Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.

Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0

[Aging of the pineal gland].

A threefold increase in nocturnal melatonin peaks occurs in old rhesus monkeys treated with a synthetic peptide Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly (Epithalon) designed basing on the amino acid content of a pineal peptide extract Epithalamin. Other effects of Epithalon markedly overlap …

Authors
Khavinson VKh, Golubev AG.
Source
peer_reviewed_research
PubMed
12096440
Open original source
2001Animal research
Evidence strength C · 60/100 · ProvisionalHow this is rated

This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.

Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.

Source authority
78/100
Study design and bias control
46/100
Directness
88/100
Population relevance
25/100
Reporting quality
68/100
Replication
45/100

Automated structured-metadata baseline; full-text risk-of-bias review may revise this rating.

Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.

Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0

Tissue-specific effects of peptides.

Synthetic peptides (cytogens) Cortagen, Epithalon, Livagen, and Vilon stimulated the growth of explants from rat brain cortex, subcortical structures, liver, and thymus, respectively, in organotypic cultures. ...

Authors
Khavinson VK.
Source
peer_reviewed_research
DOI
10.1023/a:1013058701974
PubMed
11713572
Open original source
2007Laboratory research
Evidence strength C · 60/100 · ProvisionalHow this is rated

This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.

Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.

Source authority
78/100
Study design and bias control
42/100
Directness
88/100
Population relevance
30/100
Reporting quality
68/100
Replication
45/100

Automated structured-metadata baseline; full-text risk-of-bias review may revise this rating.

Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.

Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0

Antioxidant properties of geroprotective peptides of the pineal gland.

It was shown that peptide preparations from the pineal gland (epithalamin and epitalon) possess antioxidant properties exceeding in some cases the effects of the well-known scavenger of reactive oxygen species (ROS), the melatonin, which is also produced by the pineal glan …

Authors
Kozina LS, Arutjunyan AV, Khavinson VKh.
Source
peer_reviewed_research
DOI
10.1016/j.archger.2007.01.029
PubMed
17317455
Open original source
2023Laboratory research
Evidence strength C · 60/100 · ProvisionalHow this is rated

This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.

Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.

Source authority
78/100
Study design and bias control
42/100
Directness
88/100
Population relevance
30/100
Reporting quality
68/100
Replication
45/100

Automated structured-metadata baseline; full-text risk-of-bias review may revise this rating.

Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.

Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0

EPIGENETIC MODIFICATION UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF PEPTIDE BIOREGULATORS ON THE "OLD" CHROMATIN.

In the present study, on the one hand, the epigenetic modification of condensed "old" chromatin was determined, and on the other hand, the influence of peptide bioregulators (Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly-Epitalon; Lys-Glu-Asp-Ala-Livagen; Ala-Glu-Asp-Pro - Cortagen and Lys-Glu - Vilon) …

Authors
Lezhava T, Jokhadze T, Monaselidze J, Buadze T, Gaiozishvili M, Sigua T, Khujadze I, Gogidze K, Mikaia N, Chigvinadze N.
Source
peer_reviewed_research
PubMed
37042594
Open original source
2003Laboratory research
Evidence strength C · 60/100 · ProvisionalHow this is rated

This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.

Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.

Source authority
78/100
Study design and bias control
42/100
Directness
88/100
Population relevance
30/100
Reporting quality
68/100
Replication
45/100

Automated structured-metadata baseline; full-text risk-of-bias review may revise this rating.

Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.

Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0

Effect of regulatory peptides on gene transcription.

Experimental studies of geroprotective activity of synthetic oligopeptides and conformational analysis of the tetrapeptide Epithalon allowed us to hypothesize that regulatory oligopeptides directly initiate transcription of genes for vitally important proteins. Sequences o …

Authors
Khavinson VKh, Shataeva LK, Chernova AA.
Source
peer_reviewed_research
DOI
10.1023/b:bebm.0000008986.02891.de
PubMed
14666197
Open original source
2020Laboratory research
Evidence strength C · 58/100 · ProvisionalHow this is rated

This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.

Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.

Source authority
78/100
Study design and bias control
42/100
Directness
88/100
Population relevance
18/100
Reporting quality
68/100
Replication
45/100

Automated structured-metadata baseline; full-text risk-of-bias review may revise this rating.

Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.

Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0

Short Peptides Protect Oral Stem Cells from Ageing.

Cells at the 25th passage were divided into 3 groups: 1 - control (without adding peptide), 2 - treated with AEDG peptide, 3 - treated with KED peptide. Cell cultures were analyzed by an immunofluorescence method and RT-PCR on the p16 and p21 senescence markers expr …

Authors
Sinjari B, Diomede F, Khavinson V, Mironova E, Linkova N, Trofimova S, Trubiani O, Caputi S.
Source
peer_reviewed_research
DOI
10.1007/s12015-019-09921-3
PubMed
31677028
Open original source
2022Laboratory research
Evidence strength C · 58/100 · ProvisionalHow this is rated

This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.

Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.

Source authority
78/100
Study design and bias control
42/100
Directness
88/100
Population relevance
18/100
Reporting quality
68/100
Replication
45/100

Automated structured-metadata baseline; full-text risk-of-bias review may revise this rating.

Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.

Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0

Peptides Regulating Proliferative Activity and Inflammatory Pathways in the Monocyte/Macrophage THP-1 Cell Line.

This study evaluates the effects of five different peptides, the Epitalon( ) tetrapeptide, the Vilon( ) dipeptide, the Thymogen( ) dipeptide, the Thymalin( ) peptide complex, and the Chonluten( ) tripeptide, as regulators of inflammatory and proliferative processes in the …

Authors
Avolio F, Martinotti S, Khavinson VK, Esposito JE, Giambuzzi G, Marino A, Mironova E, Pulcini R, Robuffo I, Bologna G, Simeone P, Lanuti P, Guarnieri S, Trofimova S, Procopio AD, Toniato E.
Source
peer_reviewed_research
DOI
10.3390/ijms23073607
PubMed
35408963
Open original source
2025Laboratory research
Evidence strength C · 60/100 · ProvisionalHow this is rated

This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.

Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.

Source authority
78/100
Study design and bias control
42/100
Directness
88/100
Population relevance
30/100
Reporting quality
68/100
Replication
45/100

Automated structured-metadata baseline; full-text risk-of-bias review may revise this rating.

Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.

Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0

Overview of Epitalon-Highly Bioactive Pineal Tetrapeptide with Promising Properties.

Epitalon, also known as Epithalon or Epithalone, is a tetrapeptide, Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly (AEDG), which was synthesized based on the amino acids composition of Epithalamin, a bovine pineal gland extract, prior to its discovery in pineal gland polypeptide complex solution. …

Authors
Araj SK, Brzezik J, Mądra-Gackowska K, Szeleszczuk Ł.
Source
peer_reviewed_research
DOI
10.3390/ijms26062691
PubMed
40141333
Open original source
2026Laboratory research
Evidence strength D · 49/100 · ProvisionalHow this is rated

This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.

Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.

Source authority
78/100
Study design and bias control
42/100
Directness
45/100
Population relevance
30/100
Reporting quality
68/100
Replication
45/100

Automated structured-metadata baseline; full-text risk-of-bias review may revise this rating.

Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.

Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0

Therapeutic Peptides in Orthopaedics: Applications, Challenges, and Future Directions.

Wound-healing peptides such as BPC-157, TB-500, and GHK-Cu promote angiogenesis, integrin-mediated extracellular matrix remodeling, and fibroblast activation, whereas growth hormone secretagogues like ipamorelin, CJC-1295, tesamorelin, sermorelin, and AOD-9604 activate IGF-1 sign …

Authors
Rahman OF, Lee SJ, Seeds WA.
Source
peer_reviewed_research
DOI
10.5435/JAAOSGlobal-D-25-00236
PubMed
41490200
Open original source
2017Laboratory research
Evidence strength C · 60/100 · ProvisionalHow this is rated

This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.

Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.

Source authority
78/100
Study design and bias control
42/100
Directness
88/100
Population relevance
30/100
Reporting quality
68/100
Replication
45/100

Automated structured-metadata baseline; full-text risk-of-bias review may revise this rating.

Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.

Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0

Short Exogenous Peptides Regulate Expression of CLE, KNOX1, and GRF Family Genes in Nicotiana tabacum.

Exogenous short biologically active peptides epitalon (Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly), bronchogen (Ala-Glu-Asp-Leu), and vilon (Lys-Glu) at concentrations 10(-7)-10(-9) M significantly influence growth, development, and differentiation of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) callus cultures. …

Authors
Fedoreyeva LI, Dilovarova TA, Ashapkin VV, Martirosyan YT, Khavinson VK, Kharchenko PN, Vanyushin BF.
Source
peer_reviewed_research
DOI
10.1134/S0006297917040149
PubMed
28371610
Open original source
2025Laboratory research
Evidence strength C · 58/100 · ProvisionalHow this is rated

This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.

Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.

Source authority
78/100
Study design and bias control
42/100
Directness
88/100
Population relevance
18/100
Reporting quality
68/100
Replication
45/100

Automated structured-metadata baseline; full-text risk-of-bias review may revise this rating.

Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.

Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0

The Antioxidant Tetrapeptide Epitalon Enhances Delayed Wound Healing in an in Vitro Model of Diabetic Retinopathy.

These findings support using the antioxidant agent Epitalon as a promising therapeutic strategy for DR to improve retinal wound healing compromised by hyperglycemia. More mechanistic investigations are needed to confirm Epitalon's benefits and safety. Developing oph …

Authors
Gatta M, Dovizio M, Milillo C, Ruggieri AG, Sallese M, Antonucci I, Trofimov A, Khavinson V, Trofimova S, Bruno A, Ballerini P.
Source
peer_reviewed_research
DOI
10.1007/s12015-025-10911-x
PubMed
40493162
Open original source
2026Laboratory research
Evidence strength C · 60/100 · ProvisionalHow this is rated

This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.

Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.

Source authority
78/100
Study design and bias control
42/100
Directness
88/100
Population relevance
30/100
Reporting quality
68/100
Replication
45/100

Automated structured-metadata baseline; full-text risk-of-bias review may revise this rating.

Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.

Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0

LCP2 mediates SUV39H1-driven cellular senescence-related chemoresistance in natural killer/T-cell lymphoma.

Importantly, targeting this axis with Epitalon and Chaetocin can partially eliminate therapy-induced senescent cells, enhance response to chemotherapeutics, and alleviate the immunosuppressive microenvironment to a certain extent in vivo. ...

Authors
Zhang Y, Qian S, Yang Q, Shi Z, Dong M, Wang Z, Yang Z, Wu S, Li Z, Zhang M, Zhang X, Chen Q.
Source
peer_reviewed_research
DOI
10.1038/s41419-026-08897-6
PubMed
42209466
Open original source
2004Laboratory research
Evidence strength C · 60/100 · ProvisionalHow this is rated

This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.

Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.

Source authority
78/100
Study design and bias control
42/100
Directness
88/100
Population relevance
30/100
Reporting quality
68/100
Replication
45/100

Automated structured-metadata baseline; full-text risk-of-bias review may revise this rating.

Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.

Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0

Peptide promotes overcoming of the division limit in human somatic cell.

We previously showed that treatment of normal human diploid cells with Epithalon (Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly) induced expression of telomerase catalytic subunit, its enzymatic activity, and elongation of telomeres. ...Peptide-treated cells with elongated telomeres made 10 extra divis …

Authors
Khavinson VKh, Bondarev IE, Butyugov AA, Smirnova TD.
Source
peer_reviewed_research
DOI
10.1023/b:bebm.0000038164.49947.8c
PubMed
15455129
Open original source
2011Laboratory research
Evidence strength C · 60/100 · ProvisionalHow this is rated

This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.

Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.

Source authority
78/100
Study design and bias control
42/100
Directness
88/100
Population relevance
30/100
Reporting quality
68/100
Replication
45/100

Automated structured-metadata baseline; full-text risk-of-bias review may revise this rating.

Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.

Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0

Peptidegic stimulation of differentiation of pineal immune cells.

Dipeptide vilon stimulates differentiation of precursors into T-helpers, cytotoxic T lymphocytes, and B cells, while tetrapeptide epithalon stimulated their differentiation towards B cells. Tripeptide vesugen had no effect on differentiation capacity of immune cells of the …

Authors
Linkova NS, Khavinson VKh, Chalisova NI, Katanugina AS, Koncevaya EA.
Source
peer_reviewed_research
DOI
10.1007/s10517-011-1470-1
PubMed
22803057
Open original source
2008Laboratory research
Evidence strength C · 60/100 · ProvisionalHow this is rated

This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.

Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.

Source authority
78/100
Study design and bias control
42/100
Directness
88/100
Population relevance
30/100
Reporting quality
68/100
Replication
45/100

Automated structured-metadata baseline; full-text risk-of-bias review may revise this rating.

Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.

Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0

[Investigation of antihypoxic properties of short peptides].

The data presented suggest that short regulatory peptides (vilon, epitalon, vesugen and pinealon) have manifested the antihypoxic properties in the model of hypobaric hypoxia. ...

Authors
Kozina LS.
Source
peer_reviewed_research
PubMed
18546825
Open original source
2004Laboratory research
Evidence strength C · 60/100 · ProvisionalHow this is rated

This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.

Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.

Source authority
78/100
Study design and bias control
42/100
Directness
88/100
Population relevance
30/100
Reporting quality
68/100
Replication
45/100

Automated structured-metadata baseline; full-text risk-of-bias review may revise this rating.

Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.

Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0

Effects of short peptides on lymphocyte chromatin in senile subjects.

Effects of synthetic short peptides (Vilon, Epithalon, Livagen, Prostamax, and Cortagen) on activity of ribosome genes, parameters of common heterochromatin melting, polymorphism of structural heterochromatin (C segments) of chromosomes 1, 9, and 16, and variability of fac …

Authors
Khavinson VKh, Lezhava TA, Malinin VV.
Source
peer_reviewed_research
DOI
10.1023/b:bebm.0000024393.40560.05
PubMed
15085253
Open original source
2020Laboratory research
Evidence strength C · 60/100 · ProvisionalHow this is rated

This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.

Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.

Source authority
78/100
Study design and bias control
42/100
Directness
88/100
Population relevance
30/100
Reporting quality
68/100
Replication
45/100

Automated structured-metadata baseline; full-text risk-of-bias review may revise this rating.

Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.

Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0

AEDG Peptide (Epitalon) Stimulates Gene Expression and Protein Synthesis during Neurogenesis: Possible Epigenetic Mechanism.

It was shown that AEDG peptide (Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly, Epitalon) regulates the function of the pineal gland, the retina, and the brain. AEDG peptide increases longevity in animals and decreases experimental cancerogenesis. ...

Authors
Khavinson V, Diomede F, Mironova E, Linkova N, Trofimova S, Trubiani O, Caputi S, Sinjari B.
Source
peer_reviewed_research
DOI
10.3390/molecules25030609
PubMed
32019204
Open original source
2025Laboratory research
Evidence strength C · 58/100 · ProvisionalHow this is rated

This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.

Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.

Source authority
78/100
Study design and bias control
42/100
Directness
88/100
Population relevance
18/100
Reporting quality
68/100
Replication
45/100

Automated structured-metadata baseline; full-text risk-of-bias review may revise this rating.

Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.

Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0

Epitalon increases telomere length in human cell lines through telomerase upregulation or ALT activity.

Epitalon, a naturally occurring tetrapeptide, is known for its anti-aging effects on mammalian cells. ...Only a minor increase in ALT activity was observed in Normal cells, thereby showing that it was specific to cancer cells. Our data suggests that epitalon can ext …

Authors
Al-Dulaimi S, Thomas R, Matta S, Roberts T.
Source
peer_reviewed_research
DOI
10.1007/s10522-025-10315-x
PubMed
40908429
Open original source

Scientific context

Chemistry and represented biological context

Existing reviewed chemistry is preserved as scientific context. Chemistry and mechanism information do not establish clinical efficacy or safety.

Open chemistry and biological context ↓
Chemical identity

Molecular and structural record

Structured record
Molecular formula
C18H28N4O9
Molecular weight (Da)
444.44
Amino acid sequence
AEDG

Chemical identity describes the recorded molecular information. It does not establish biological activity, clinical efficacy, safety, or therapeutic suitability.

Explore further

Continue through the research system

Move from this peptide record into the project's broader evidence, research, comparison, and methodology systems.

Research discovery

Compare peptides

Examine represented peptide records side by side.

Evidence system

Explore how scientific evidence is represented and reviewed.

Research hub

Enter the broader research and intelligence environment.

Methodology

Review project methods, boundaries, and interpretation rules.

Research

How the scientific record is developing

Chronology, unresolved research questions, opportunities, and researcher activity remain descriptive rather than evaluative.

Research chronology

  1. 2000 · study · Temporal status not established

    Effect of pineal tetrapeptide on antioxidant defense in Drosophila melanogaster.

    peer_reviewed_research

  2. 2001 · study · Temporal status not established

    Tissue-specific effects of peptides.

    peer_reviewed_research

  3. 2002 · study · Temporal status not established

    Epithalon decelerates aging and suppresses development of breast adenocarcinomas in transgenic her-2/neu mice.

    peer_reviewed_research

  4. 2002 · study · Temporal status not established

    Peptides and Ageing.

    peer_reviewed_research

  5. 2002 · study · Temporal status not established

    [Aging of the pineal gland].

    peer_reviewed_research

  6. 2003 · study · Temporal status not established

    Gateways to clinical trials.

    peer_reviewed_research

  7. 2003 · study · Temporal status not established

    Effect of regulatory peptides on gene transcription.

    peer_reviewed_research

  8. 2004 · study · Temporal status not established

    Peptide correction of age-related hormonal dysfunction of the pancreas in monkeys.

    peer_reviewed_research

  9. 2004 · study · Temporal status not established

    Peptide promotes overcoming of the division limit in human somatic cell.

    peer_reviewed_research

  10. 2004 · study · Temporal status not established

    Effects of short peptides on lymphocyte chromatin in senile subjects.

    peer_reviewed_research

  11. 2007 · study · Temporal status not established

    Effects of bioactive tetrapeptides on free-radical processes.

    peer_reviewed_research

  12. 2007 · study · Temporal status not established

    Antioxidant properties of geroprotective peptides of the pineal gland.

    peer_reviewed_research

  13. 2008 · study · Temporal status not established

    [Investigation of antihypoxic properties of short peptides].

    peer_reviewed_research

  14. 2011 · study · Temporal status not established

    Peptidegic stimulation of differentiation of pineal immune cells.

    peer_reviewed_research

  15. 2017 · study · Temporal status not established

    Short Exogenous Peptides Regulate Expression of CLE, KNOX1, and GRF Family Genes in Nicotiana tabacum.

    peer_reviewed_research

  16. 2020 · study · Temporal status not established

    Short Peptides Protect Oral Stem Cells from Ageing.

    peer_reviewed_research

  17. 2020 · study · Temporal status not established

    AEDG Peptide (Epitalon) Stimulates Gene Expression and Protein Synthesis during Neurogenesis: Possible Epigenetic Mechanism.

    peer_reviewed_research

  18. 2022 · study · Temporal status not established

    Epitalon protects against post-ovulatory aging-related damage of mouse oocytes in vitro.

    peer_reviewed_research

  19. 2022 · study · Temporal status not established

    Peptides Regulating Proliferative Activity and Inflammatory Pathways in the Monocyte/Macrophage THP-1 Cell Line.

    peer_reviewed_research

  20. 2023 · study · Temporal status not established

    EPIGENETIC MODIFICATION UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF PEPTIDE BIOREGULATORS ON THE "OLD" CHROMATIN.

    peer_reviewed_research

  21. 2025 · study · Temporal status not established

    Overview of Epitalon-Highly Bioactive Pineal Tetrapeptide with Promising Properties.

    peer_reviewed_research

  22. 2025 · study · Temporal status not established

    The Antioxidant Tetrapeptide Epitalon Enhances Delayed Wound Healing in an in Vitro Model of Diabetic Retinopathy.

    peer_reviewed_research

  23. 2025 · study · Temporal status not established

    Epitalon increases telomere length in human cell lines through telomerase upregulation or ALT activity.

    peer_reviewed_research

  24. 2026 · study · Temporal status not established

    Therapeutic Peptides in Orthopaedics: Applications, Challenges, and Future Directions.

    peer_reviewed_research

  25. 2026 · study · Temporal status not established

    LCP2 mediates SUV39H1-driven cellular senescence-related chemoresistance in natural killer/T-cell lymphoma.

    peer_reviewed_research

  26. 2026 · regulatory · Temporal status not established

    Regulatory review: not_approved

    European Union (EMA)

  27. 2026 · regulatory · Temporal status not established

    Regulatory review: not_approved

    United States (FDA)

The represented chronology reflects records currently included in the governed dataset and does not claim to represent the entire scientific literature.

What still needs investigation

Claim traceability

No institutional claim record is currently represented for this peptide.

Evidence is missing or not represented as studied; this is not a conclusion that the intervention does not work.

Researchers represented in the evidence record12 bibliographic identities · open to inspect

These are bibliographic author identities derived from represented records. Name strings are not proof of unique real-world researcher identity, and publishing organizations are not treated as institutional affiliations.

Khavinson V

16 represented evidence records

Years represented: 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2007, 2011, 2017, 2020, 2022, 2025

Publishing organizations appearing in records: peer_reviewed_research

Khavinson VK

13 represented evidence records

Years represented: 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2007, 2011, 2017, 2022

Publishing organizations appearing in records: peer_reviewed_research

Khavinson VKh

9 represented evidence records

Years represented: 2002, 2003, 2004, 2007, 2011

Publishing organizations appearing in records: peer_reviewed_research

Trofimova S

4 represented evidence records

Years represented: 2020, 2022, 2025

Publishing organizations appearing in records: peer_reviewed_research

Khavinson VKh.

2 represented evidence records

Years represented: 2002, 2007

Publishing organizations appearing in records: peer_reviewed_research

Kozina LS

3 represented evidence records

Years represented: 2007, 2008

Publishing organizations appearing in records: peer_reviewed_research

Kozina LS.

2 represented evidence records

Years represented: 2007, 2008

Publishing organizations appearing in records: peer_reviewed_research

Lezhava T

2 represented evidence records

Years represented: 2004, 2023

Publishing organizations appearing in records: peer_reviewed_research

Linkova N

3 represented evidence records

Years represented: 2011, 2020

Publishing organizations appearing in records: peer_reviewed_research

Mironova E

3 represented evidence records

Years represented: 2020, 2022

Publishing organizations appearing in records: peer_reviewed_research

Wang Z

2 represented evidence records

Years represented: 2022, 2026

Publishing organizations appearing in records: peer_reviewed_research

Zhang X

2 represented evidence records

Years represented: 2022, 2026

Publishing organizations appearing in records: peer_reviewed_research

Connections

Follow the scientific relationships

Connections appear only when they are represented by the project’s underlying records.

Open 1 represented connection ↓

institution

peer_reviewed_research

represented evidence source

Traceability

Follow the record back to its source

The experience makes incomplete links visible instead of presenting a false impression of perfect provenance.

Source publication state

A governed source may be verified and approved for publication while its claim-to-evidence link is still incomplete.

Reviewer provenance state

“Human scientist reviewed: no” means that specific source-path attribution is not recorded. It does not silently negate the separate publication-review state.

Domain conclusion → Evidence

Connected

Evidence → Source

Connected

Source → Original record

Connected

Traceability documents how the project connects statements to records. It does not establish that a source is scientifically valid or that a claim is clinically true.

Reconciled for 4 domain conclusions and 0 featured studies.

Detailed study-to-domain mappings and original-source paths appear in the Epitalon evidence-governance section.

Inspect the ranked source records

Observational archive

What contributors reported

Observational archive data is intentionally separated from published scientific evidence.

Observational boundary

Insufficient eligible observations are available for display under the current filters.

Insufficient eligible observations are currently represented to display aggregated findings for this peptide.

Regulatory context

Published jurisdictional records

Regulatory status is jurisdiction-specific and time-dependent. It is presented as context, not as a recommendation for use or a substitute for scientific evidence evaluation.

Research + media

Media connected to this scientific record

Only media explicitly linked through the project’s relationship system appears here.

No scientifically connected media is currently represented for this peptide.

Sources + provenance

Read the scientific record with its boundaries intact

The public record organizes reviewed evidence; it does not establish scientific truth by itself.
Association, mechanism, observation and regulatory status must not be represented as proof of clinical efficacy or safety.
Observational reports describe contributor experiences and cannot establish causation, effectiveness, safety or clinical benefit.
Contradictory and qualifying evidence must remain visible rather than being silently discarded.
Absence of represented evidence is not evidence that research does not exist.
Research gaps identify unresolved questions; they are not negative conclusions.
Regulatory status is distinct from scientific evidence quality.
Media relationships provide context and explanation; they do not increase the strength of scientific evidence.
A section with no represented records is an incomplete project record, not a scientific conclusion.
Researcher and institutional relationships are shown only when supported by represented records and must not be interpreted as rankings or endorsements.

Generated: 11/8/2026, 5:28:50 PM

global evidence atlas

Epitalon research, ranked and separated by purpose

This is a deduplicated literature screening registry—not a claim that every mention directly proves efficacy or safety. Machine proposals remain visibly separate from governed human appraisal.

122Discoverable source universe
122Ranked screening records
4Research domains
0Accountably approved conclusions

122 matching records · ranked 2026-09-18

Page 1 of 5

Count reconciliation: 122 discoverable source records match the peptide identity query; 122 are retained in this bounded, ranked screening view; 0 belong to the separate governed layer labeled “Accountably approved conclusions.” Domain totals overlap because one publication may inform several questions.

governance and regulatory context

Epitalon: what this atlas does and does not establish

Last checked
2026-09-18
Accountable publication approval
Not yet approved by a named accountable reviewer. Machine screening only.

No new outcome conclusion is inferred from discovery metadata. Named accountable approval is required for governed scientific conclusions.

Regulatory status by jurisdiction

Absence of a record in this pass is not proof that no authorization exists. Status must remain jurisdiction-, product-, formulation-, and date-specific.

  • European Union (EMA)not approvedchecked 2026-09-08

    No centrally authorized EMA medicine for the named compound was identified in the EMA medicines database as of 8 September 2026.

    European Medicines Agency medicines database
  • United States (FDA)not approvedchecked 2026-09-08

    No FDA-approved drug product or therapeutic indication for the named compound was identified in Drugs@FDA as of 8 September 2026.

    Drugs@FDA: FDA-Approved Drugs

25 of 122 screening records carry a machine-proposed evidence-strength grade; the remainder are unassigned pending further review.

Epitalon evidence · ranking key

How evidence is ranked

A tier describes the evidentiary role and design strength of a source. It is not a popularity score, proof that every conclusion is correct, or a substitute for claim-level review.

A

Practice-defining evidence

Large, well-conducted randomized trials; prespecified major outcomes; rigorous systematic reviews or meta-analyses; and major regulatory assessments.

B

Strong supporting evidence

Smaller randomized trials, strong prospective cohorts, prespecified secondary analyses, and high-quality comparative-effectiveness studies.

C

Contextual evidence

Retrospective cohorts, claims-database studies, pharmacovigilance analyses, mechanistic human research, and well-documented case series.

D

Signal-generating evidence

Case reports, conference abstracts, preclinical research, hypothesis-generating analyses, and expert commentary.

Tier and confidence answer different questions

Tier classifies source design and evidentiary role. Confidence reflects risk of bias, sample size, comparator quality, outcome relevance, follow-up, missing data, directness, replication, reporting quality, and whether conclusions stay within the measured results.

Funding and conflicts are disclosed and considered, but sponsorship never automatically changes a tier. Corrections, retractions, and expressions of concern override the original rating.

peptide explorer

Structural visualization and provenance

Evidence-class labeling remains visible even when interactive rendering is unavailable. Representative geometry is not an experimentally determined or predicted biological conformation.

Fully specified molecular identity

Molecular formula
C14H22N4O9
Molecular weight
390.35 g/mol
Exact identity / sequence notation
H-Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly-OH (AEDG)
Identity-defining modifications
  • Unmodified tetrapeptide
  • Free N-terminus and C-terminal carboxyl
PubChem CID
219042
InChIKey
Not applicable / not verified

The corrected PubChem formula is used; the previously copied C18H28N4O9 value is rejected.

Sources: NIH PubChem — Epitalon · reviewed 2026-09-17

Representative sequence-derived model
Structure source
Generated from this record's governed amino-acid sequence
Identifier
Not applicable — not a database structure
Method
Schematic layout ordered by residue position only; not a molecular-dynamics, homology, or fold prediction
Confidence / limitations
Illustrative only. Not physically accurate; carries no structural, binding-site, or activity meaning.
Provenance
WPF governed PeptideChemistry record
Retrieved / last reviewed
2026-09-17

This is a representative, sequence-derived model ordered by residue position only. It is not the peptide's experimentally determined or predicted biological conformation, and it carries no claim about real bond angles, distances, secondary structure, binding sites, or activity.

Suggested citation

  • APA

    World Peptide Foundation. (n.d.). Epitalon — Peptide Scientific Intelligence. World Peptide Foundation. (Updated September 8, 2026.) https://www.worldpeptidefoundation.org/directory/epitalon

  • AMA / Vancouver

    World Peptide Foundation. Epitalon — Peptide Scientific Intelligence. World Peptide Foundation website. Updated September 8, 2026. https://www.worldpeptidefoundation.org/directory/epitalon