Preparing the structured Flagship evidence library.
Flagship peptide evidence profile
These are deterministic research-intelligence signals, not clinical conclusions.
This research library contains structured AI-assisted scientific review. AI-assisted review is not accountable human scientific approval. Inclusion here does not constitute publication approval, clinical guidance, efficacy proof, or automatic promotion of a scientific conclusion.
global evidence atlas
This is a deduplicated PubMed screening registry—not a claim that every mention directly proves efficacy or safety. Machine proposals remain visibly separate from governed human appraisal.
500 matching records · ranked 2026-09-18
Page 1 of 20
Metabolism open · 2024 Jun · PMID 38699397 · DOI 10.1016/j.metop.2024.100284
Type 2 diabetes and glycemia · Safety and tolerability · Comparative effectiveness
American journal of therapeutics · 2024 Jul-Aug 01 · PMID 38976545 · DOI 10.1097/MJT.0000000000001743
Type 2 diabetes and glycemia · Weight loss and obesity · Comparative effectiveness
American journal of therapeutics · 2024 Sep-Oct 01 · PMID 39292847 · DOI 10.1097/MJT.0000000000001756
Type 2 diabetes and glycemia · Weight loss and obesity · Comparative effectiveness
Medicine · 2023 Jul 7 · PMID 37417602 · DOI 10.1097/MD.0000000000034122
Type 2 diabetes and glycemia · Safety and tolerability · Mechanism and pharmacology · Comparative effectiveness
Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025 · PMID 40444045 · DOI 10.3389/fphar.2025.1438318
Comparative effectiveness
European journal of clinical investigation · 2024 Apr · PMID 37950521 · DOI 10.1111/eci.14125
Type 2 diabetes and glycemia · Weight loss and obesity
Cardiovascular diabetology · 2023 Mar 9 · PMID 36894938 · DOI 10.1186/s12933-023-01775-x
Type 2 diabetes and glycemia · Cardiovascular outcomes · Weight loss and obesity
Health science reports · 2023 Sep · PMID 37720167 · DOI 10.1002/hsr2.1549
Type 2 diabetes and glycemia · Mechanism and pharmacology
Scientific reports · 2022 Oct 31 · PMID 36316432 · DOI 10.1038/s41598-022-22263-4
Type 2 diabetes and glycemia · Safety and tolerability · Comparative effectiveness
The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2022 Apr 19 · PMID 34922383 · DOI 10.1210/clinem/dgab905
Dose intensification · Comparative effectiveness
Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics · 2021 Oct · PMID 33675117 · DOI 10.1111/jcpt.13398
Type 2 diabetes and glycemia · Safety and tolerability · Comparative effectiveness
Molecular and cellular neurosciences · 2026 Jun · PMID 42014236 · DOI 10.1016/j.mcn.2026.104091
Mechanism and pharmacology
Clinical therapeutics · 2021 Nov · PMID 34728099 · DOI 10.1016/j.clinthera.2021.08.015
Type 2 diabetes and glycemia · Comparative effectiveness
Endocrine · 2020 Jun · PMID 31927749 · DOI 10.1007/s12020-020-02193-9
Type 2 diabetes and glycemia · Safety and tolerability · Mechanism and pharmacology
Cardiovascular diabetology · 2020 Oct 9 · PMID 33036617 · DOI 10.1186/s12933-020-01148-8
Type 2 diabetes and glycemia · Comparative effectiveness · Real-world outcomes
Nature · 2026 Apr · PMID 41407860 · DOI 10.1038/s41586-025-10031-z
Type 2 diabetes and glycemia · Comparative effectiveness
Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026 · PMID 42388875 · DOI 10.3389/fendo.2026.1843595
Type 2 diabetes and glycemia · Comparative effectiveness
Journal of diabetes investigation · 2025 May · PMID 39891527 · DOI 10.1111/jdi.14395
Type 2 diabetes and glycemia · Cardiovascular outcomes · Weight loss and obesity
Annals of internal medicine · 2025 May · PMID 40183678 · DOI 10.7326/ANNALS-24-03849
Type 2 diabetes and glycemia · Dose intensification · Comparative effectiveness
Journal of diabetes · 2025 Apr · PMID 40214296 · DOI 10.1111/1753-0407.70077
Type 2 diabetes and glycemia · Safety and tolerability · Comparative effectiveness
Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2025 Aug 27 · PMID 40859274 · DOI 10.1186/s13098-025-01927-x
Type 2 diabetes and glycemia
Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2024 Jan · PMID 37794628 · DOI 10.1111/dom.15296
Type 2 diabetes and glycemia · Weight loss and obesity · Safety and tolerability · Comparative effectiveness
Iranian journal of pharmaceutical research : IJPR · 2019 Fall · PMID 32184883 · DOI 10.22037/ijpr.2019.14733.12619
Type 2 diabetes and glycemia · Safety and tolerability · Comparative effectiveness
Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2017 Apr · PMID 27981757 · DOI 10.1111/dom.12849
Type 2 diabetes and glycemia · Safety and tolerability · Mechanism and pharmacology · Comparative effectiveness
European journal of endocrinology · 2026 Feb 4 · PMID 41525326 · DOI 10.1093/ejendo/lvag005
Mechanism and pharmacology
Dulaglutide · PMID 31189511
During a median follow-up of 5·4 years (IQR 5·1-5·9), the primary composite outcome occurred in 594 (12·0%) participants at an incidence rate of 2·4 per 100 person-years in the dulaglutide group and in 663 (13·4%) participants at an incidence rate of 2·7 per 100 person-years in the placebo group (hazard ratio [HR] 0·88, 95% CI 0·79-0·99; p=0·026).
Dulaglutide · PMID 37758044
The primary analysis is noninferiority for time to first MACE of tirzepatide vs dulaglutide by demonstrating an upper confidence limit <1.05, which will also confirm superiority vs a putative placebo, and also to determine whether tirzepatide produces a greater CV benefit than dulaglutide (superiority analysis).
Dulaglutide · PMID 30473097
Doses higher than 5 mg were attained by titration, dulaglutide (DU) was used as a positive control.
Dulaglutide · PMID 37385280
HbA 1c reductions with retatrutide were significantly greater (p<0·0001) than placebo in all but the 0·5 mg group and greater than 1·5 mg dulaglutide in the 8 mg slow escalation group (p=0·0019) and 12 mg escalation group (p=0·0002).
Dulaglutide · PMID 37531876
French national health care insurance system database has suggested 1-3 years use of glucagon like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP1RA) (exenatide, liraglutide and dulaglutide) may be linked with increased occurrence of thyroid cancer.
Dulaglutide · PMID 37908750
When compared to all control groups consisting of basal insulin (glargine or degludec), selective GLP1-RA (dulaglutide or semaglutide once weekly), and placebo, an increased risk of pancreatitis was not found to be significantly associated with tirzepatide (RR 1.46, [95% CI] 0.59 to 3.61; I2 = 0.0%, p = 0.436).