European Union (EMA)
Regulator: EMA
not_approved
As of: 9/9/2026 · Temporal status not established
Scientific intelligence record
Experience 2.0
Direct thrombin inhibitor peptide
Bivalirudin is a synthetic 20-residue peptide anticoagulant derived conceptually from the thrombin-binding properties of hirudin. Its N-terminal D-phenylalanine-containing sequence binds the catalytic site of thrombin while a C-terminal region engages thrombin’s fibrin-recognition exosite; thrombin can subsequently cleave the molecule, contributing to reversible inhibition. It acts directly on circulating and clot-bound thrombin without requiring antithrombin. The molecule is established in percutaneous coronary intervention, while use in extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, cardiopulmonary bypass, pediatric procedures, and other settings has a different and often off-label evidence and regulatory context.
Record status
Traceability partial
Last meaningful update: 9/9/2026
Governed reviewed evidence
25
Governed records, not an efficacy score or total literature count.
Evidence boundary
0 / 25
Claim-linked support versus recorded evidence.
Human experience · separate evidence stream
Eligible observations remain below the privacy and reliability threshold. WPF will not convert a handful of reports into a percentage, trend, or clinical claim.
Observation is valuable human context. It is not evidence of causation, efficacy, or safety.
Public display gate
n ≥ 20 eligible observations
Exact progress remains private before the threshold.
Intelligence snapshot
A compact view of what is represented, what remains unresolved, and how completely the record can be traced.
Governed reviewed evidence
25
Reviewed database records promoted through the governed publication workflow.
Contradictions
0
Conflicting evidence relationships that remain visible.
Research gaps
1
Questions the current record identifies as unresolved.
Connected media
0
Media records explicitly linked to this scientific record.
What we know
The project separates represented evidence from qualification, contradiction, uncertainty, and what the evidence does not establish.
This does not mean the scientific literature contains no findings. It means no reviewed institutional claim has been represented here.
Scientific context
Existing reviewed chemistry is preserved as scientific context. Chemistry and mechanism information do not establish clinical efficacy or safety.
Chemical identity describes the recorded molecular information. It does not establish biological activity, clinical efficacy, safety, or therapeutic suitability.
Explore further
Move from this peptide record into the project's broader evidence, research, comparison, and methodology systems.
Research
Chronology, unresolved research questions, opportunities, and researcher activity remain descriptive rather than evaluative.
1998 · study · Temporal status not established
The American journal of cardiology
2003 · study · Temporal status not established
JAMA
2006 · study · Temporal status not established
The New England journal of medicine
2008 · study · Temporal status not established
The New England journal of medicine
Connections
Connections appear only when they are represented by the project’s underlying records.
institution
institution
institution
Traceability
The experience makes incomplete links visible instead of presenting a false impression of perfect provenance.
Source publication state
A governed source may be verified and approved for publication while its claim-to-evidence link is still incomplete.
Reviewer provenance state
“Human scientist reviewed: no” means that specific source-path attribution is not recorded. It does not silently negate the separate publication-review state.
Claim → Evidence
Incomplete
Evidence → Source
Connected
Source → Original record
Connected
Traceability documents how the project connects statements to records. It does not establish that a source is scientifically valid or that a claim is clinically true.
Incomplete links: claim-to-evidence
Bivalirudin or Heparin in Patients Undergoing Invasive Management of Acute Coronary Syndromes.
Observational archive
Observational archive data is intentionally separated from published scientific evidence.
Observational boundary
Insufficient eligible observations are available for display under the current filters.
Insufficient eligible observations are currently represented to display aggregated findings for this peptide.
Regulatory context
Regulatory status is jurisdiction-specific and time-dependent. It is presented as context, not as a recommendation for use or a substitute for scientific evidence evaluation.
European Union (EMA)
Regulator: EMA
As of: 9/9/2026 · Temporal status not established
United States (FDA)
Regulator: FDA
As of: 9/9/2026 · Temporal status not established
FDA Drugs@FDA NDA 020873 and ANGIOMAX Prescribing Information
Research + media
Only media explicitly linked through the project’s relationship system appears here.
No scientifically connected media is currently represented for this peptide.
Sources + provenance
Bivalirudin evidence · ranking key
A tier describes the evidentiary role and design strength of a source. It is not a popularity score, proof that every conclusion is correct, or a substitute for claim-level review.
Large, well-conducted randomized trials; prespecified major outcomes; rigorous systematic reviews or meta-analyses; and major regulatory assessments.
Smaller randomized trials, strong prospective cohorts, prespecified secondary analyses, and high-quality comparative-effectiveness studies.
Retrospective cohorts, claims-database studies, pharmacovigilance analyses, mechanistic human research, and well-documented case series.
Case reports, conference abstracts, preclinical research, hypothesis-generating analyses, and expert commentary.
Tier classifies source design and evidentiary role. Confidence reflects risk of bias, sample size, comparator quality, outcome relevance, follow-up, missing data, directness, replication, reporting quality, and whether conclusions stay within the measured results.
peptide explorer
Evidence-class labeling remains visible even when interactive rendering is unavailable. Representative geometry is not an experimentally determined or predicted biological conformation.
Fully specified molecular identity
D-residue stereochemistry is retained in notation and collapsed to X only for the schematic.
Sources: NIH PubChem — Bivalirudin · reviewed 2026-09-17
Governed scientific evidence
Duplicate-safe scientific sources under accountable human review. Identified or pending records do not contribute as approved evidence.
Audit view
Human and preclinical evidence remain separate. Source identity, claim-to-source traceability, review dates, conflicts, limitations, and unknowns stay visible rather than being collapsed into one score.
Research gaps
1
Unresolved questions remain visible.
Human experience
Below display gate
Observations never become clinical evidence.
This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.
Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.
Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.
Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0
Contrasting evidence exists on the comparative efficacy and safety of bivalirudin and unfractionated heparin (UFH) in relation to the planned use of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (GPIs).
This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.
Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.
Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.
Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0
The value of prolonged bivalirudin infusion after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients with or without ST-segment elevation remains unclear.
This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.
Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.
Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.
Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0
The direct thrombin inhibitor bivalirudin has been associated with better efficacy and less bleeding than heparin during coronary balloon angioplasty but has not been widely tested during contemporary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.
Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.
Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.
Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0
Current guidelines for patients with moderate- or high-risk acute coronary syndromes recommend an early invasive approach with concomitant antithrombotic therapy, including aspirin, clopidogrel, unfractionated or low-molecular-weight heparin, and glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors.
This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.
Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.
Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.
Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0
Treatment with the direct thrombin inhibitor bivalirudin, as compared with heparin plus glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors, results in similar suppression of ischemia while reducing hemorrhagic complications in patients with stable angina and non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes who are undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.
Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.
Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.
Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0
Bivalirudin, as compared with heparin and glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors, has been shown to reduce rates of bleeding and death in patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.
Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.
Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.
Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0
Bivalirudin, with selective use of glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa inhibitor agents, is an accepted standard of care in primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI).
This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.
Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.
Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.
Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0
Conflicting evidence exists on the efficacy and safety of bivalirudin administered as part of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with an acute coronary syndrome.
This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.
Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.
Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.
Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0
Previous randomised trials of bivalirudin versus heparin in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) have reported conflicting results, in part because of treatment with different pharmacological regimens.
To test feasibility of a randomized controlled trial (RCT) with an endpoint of time at goal anticoagulation in children on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) randomized to receive bivalirudin vs.
This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.
Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.
Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.
Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0
Pediatric physicians regularly face the problem of uncertain procedural anticoagulation in children, especially in neonates.
This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.
Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.
Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.
Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0
The dosing of anticoagulants during coronary angioplasty is commonly guided by measurements of activated clotting time (ACT), but the usefulness of these measurements remains uncertain.
This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.
Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.
Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.
Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0
Direct thrombin inhibitors (DTIs) are usually monitored with the activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) or activated clotting time (ACT).
This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.
Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.
Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.
Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0
The benefit:risk profile of bivalirudin versus heparin anticoagulation in patients with non-ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is uncertain.
This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.
Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.
Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.
Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0
We sought to evaluate the efficacy and safety of bivalirudin versus heparin in patients with coronary artery disease undergoing transradial artery coronary intervention (TRI).
This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.
Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.
Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.
Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0
To evaluate the efficacy of post-primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) bivalirudin infusion (at full PCI dose) to prevent stent thrombosis (ST) compared with heparin monotherapy.
This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.
Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.
Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.
Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0
Percutaneous coronary intervention with bivalirudin plus bail-out glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors has been shown to be as effective as unfractionated heparin plus routine glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors in preventing cardiac ischemic events, but with a lower bleeding risk.
This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.
Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.
Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.
Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0
Bivalirudin has been suggested as an alternative to heparin for anticoagulation in patients receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO).
This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.
Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.
Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.
Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0
The effect and safety of bivalirudin compared with heparin in patients undergoing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) remains unclear.
This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.
Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.
Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.
Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0
Optimal anticoagulation therapy is essential for the prevention of thrombotic and hemorrhagic complications in pediatric patients supported with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO).
This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.
Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.
Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.
Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0
Bivalirudin is an alternative accepted therapy to unfractionated heparin for patients with myocardial infarction (MI) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.
Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.
Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.
Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0
Anticoagulation is important for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO).
This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.
Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.
Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.
Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0
Bivalirudin is a direct thrombin inhibitor used off-label for systemic anticoagulation in extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO).
This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.
Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.
Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.
Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0
Bivalirudin is recommended as an alternative to heparin in cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass.
This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.
Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.
Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.
Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0
Bivalirudin infusions are traditionally monitored with activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) despite the poor correlation with bivalirudin dose-response curves.
2011 · study · Temporal status not established
Catheterization and cardiovascular interventions : official journal of the Society for Cardiac Angiography & Interventions
2013 · study · Temporal status not established
The New England journal of medicine
2014 · study · Temporal status not established
Lancet (London, England)
2015 · study · Temporal status not established
The New England journal of medicine
2015 · study · Temporal status not established
PloS one
2018 · study · Temporal status not established
Journal of the American College of Cardiology
2019 · study · Temporal status not established
Journal of the American College of Cardiology
2019 · study · Temporal status not established
Catheterization and cardiovascular interventions : official journal of the Society for Cardiac Angiography & Interventions
2020 · study · Temporal status not established
Catheterization and cardiovascular interventions : official journal of the Society for Cardiac Angiography & Interventions
2022 · study · Temporal status not established
Lancet (London, England)
2022 · study · Temporal status not established
Thrombosis research
2023 · study · Temporal status not established
The journal of applied laboratory medicine
2023 · study · Temporal status not established
Circulation
2023 · study · Temporal status not established
Perfusion
2023 · study · Temporal status not established
ASAIO journal (American Society for Artificial Internal Organs : 1992)
2023 · study · Temporal status not established
Frontiers in medicine
2024 · study · Temporal status not established
Cardiovascular revascularization medicine : including molecular interventions
2024 · study · Temporal status not established
Paediatric anaesthesia
2025 · study · Temporal status not established
Pediatric critical care medicine : a journal of the Society of Critical Care Medicine and the World Federation of Pediatric Intensive and Critical Care Societies
2025 · study · Temporal status not established
The journal of pediatric pharmacology and therapeutics : JPPT : the official journal of PPAG
2025 · study · Temporal status not established
Journal of clinical anesthesia
2026 · regulatory · Temporal status not established
European Union (EMA)
2026 · regulatory · Temporal status not established
United States (FDA)
The represented chronology reflects records currently included in the governed dataset and does not claim to represent the entire scientific literature.
No institutional claim record is currently represented for this peptide.
Evidence is missing or not represented as studied; this is not a conclusion that the intervention does not work.
These are bibliographic author identities derived from represented records. Name strings are not proof of unique real-world researcher identity, and publishing organizations are not treated as institutional affiliations.
4 represented evidence records
Years represented: 2015, 2018, 2019, 2023
Publishing organizations appearing in records: Circulation, Journal of the American College of Cardiology, The New England journal of medicine
3 represented evidence records
Years represented: 2015, 2018, 2019
Publishing organizations appearing in records: Journal of the American College of Cardiology, The New England journal of medicine
3 represented evidence records
Years represented: 2006, 2008, 2020
Publishing organizations appearing in records: Catheterization and cardiovascular interventions : official journal of the Society for Cardiac Angiography & Interventions, The New England journal of medicine
3 represented evidence records
Years represented: 2015, 2018, 2019
Publishing organizations appearing in records: Journal of the American College of Cardiology, The New England journal of medicine
3 represented evidence records
Years represented: 2015, 2018, 2019
Publishing organizations appearing in records: Journal of the American College of Cardiology, The New England journal of medicine
2 represented evidence records
Years represented: 2003, 2006
Publishing organizations appearing in records: JAMA, The New England journal of medicine
2 represented evidence records
Years represented: 2018, 2019
Publishing organizations appearing in records: Journal of the American College of Cardiology
2 represented evidence records
Years represented: 2003, 2006
Publishing organizations appearing in records: JAMA, The New England journal of medicine
2 represented evidence records
Years represented: 2018, 2019
Publishing organizations appearing in records: Journal of the American College of Cardiology
2 represented evidence records
Years represented: 2015, 2019
Publishing organizations appearing in records: Journal of the American College of Cardiology, The New England journal of medicine
2 represented evidence records
Years represented: 2018, 2019
Publishing organizations appearing in records: Journal of the American College of Cardiology
2 represented evidence records
Years represented: 2018, 2019
Publishing organizations appearing in records: Journal of the American College of Cardiology
institution
institution
institution
institution
institution
institution
institution
institution
institution
Claim: Not linked · Evidence: 11ba1e010d94773c3124cbe50c9e5f02
PMID: 29544607 · DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2018.01.033
Extraction: not-recorded · Review: verified · Source state: unknown
Machine extracted: no · Human scientist reviewed: no · Externally validated: no
Incomplete path: claim, extraction-status
Post-Procedural Bivalirudin Infusion at Full or Low Regimen in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome.
Claim: Not linked · Evidence: d89b972794061dea602fb45f6ff70ca9
PMID: 30784669 · DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2018.12.023
Extraction: not-recorded · Review: verified · Source state: unknown
Machine extracted: no · Human scientist reviewed: no · Externally validated: no
Incomplete path: claim, extraction-status
Bivalirudin and provisional glycoprotein IIb/IIIa blockade compared with heparin and planned glycoprotein IIb/IIIa blockade during percutaneous coronary intervention: REPLACE-2 randomized trial.
Claim: Not linked · Evidence: a788f66fce85bf93b2251e3358a2f16a
PMID: 12588269 · DOI: 10.1001/jama.289.7.853
Extraction: not-recorded · Review: verified · Source state: unknown
Machine extracted: no · Human scientist reviewed: no · Externally validated: no
Incomplete path: claim, extraction-status
Bivalirudin for patients with acute coronary syndromes.
Claim: Not linked · Evidence: 7b81a58de82ce43c0eceddd85c876b8c
PMID: 17124018 · DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa062437
Extraction: not-recorded · Review: verified · Source state: unknown
Machine extracted: no · Human scientist reviewed: no · Externally validated: no
Incomplete path: claim, extraction-status
Bivalirudin during primary PCI in acute myocardial infarction.
Claim: Not linked · Evidence: 3a680cc5ee05c83213fe353a60c55b4b
PMID: 18499566 · DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa0708191
Extraction: not-recorded · Review: verified · Source state: unknown
Machine extracted: no · Human scientist reviewed: no · Externally validated: no
Incomplete path: claim, extraction-status
Bivalirudin started during emergency transport for primary PCI.
Claim: Not linked · Evidence: fda67b37c5cd04ac6e1de8ceb4bee7ef
PMID: 24171490 · DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa1311096
Extraction: not-recorded · Review: verified · Source state: unknown
Machine extracted: no · Human scientist reviewed: no · Externally validated: no
Incomplete path: claim, extraction-status
Unfractionated heparin versus bivalirudin in primary percutaneous coronary intervention (HEAT-PPCI): an open-label, single centre, randomised controlled trial.
Claim: Not linked · Evidence: 26fd5339a72ce0a2c1c04df2ef7d0daf
PMID: 25002178 · DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(14)60924-7
Extraction: not-recorded · Review: verified · Source state: unknown
Machine extracted: no · Human scientist reviewed: no · Externally validated: no
Incomplete path: claim, extraction-status
Bivalirudin or Unfractionated Heparin in Acute Coronary Syndromes.
Claim: Not linked · Evidence: 8d3025f1031bd66763d85050da68d472
PMID: 26324049 · DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa1507854
Extraction: not-recorded · Review: verified · Source state: unknown
Machine extracted: no · Human scientist reviewed: no · Externally validated: no
Incomplete path: claim, extraction-status
Bivalirudin plus a high-dose infusion versus heparin monotherapy in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention: a randomised trial.
Claim: Not linked · Evidence: 7551aa0d929dc6ee3ff0a4cd4df8fa5c
PMID: 36351459 · DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(22)01999-7
Extraction: not-recorded · Review: verified · Source state: unknown
Machine extracted: no · Human scientist reviewed: no · Externally validated: no
Incomplete path: claim, extraction-status
Prospective Randomized Pilot Study Comparing Bivalirudin Versus Heparin in Neonatal and Pediatric Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation.
Claim: Not linked · Evidence: 1863a9da4b512a379d350a3c0f2ce813
PMID: 39585174 · DOI: 10.1097/pcc.0000000000003642
Extraction: not-recorded · Review: verified · Source state: unknown
Machine extracted: no · Human scientist reviewed: no · Externally validated: no
Incomplete path: claim, extraction-status
Pediatric catheterization laboratory anticoagulation with bivalirudin.
Claim: Not linked · Evidence: 1d4b1ac813936b192ecaaf1b213cdd57
PMID: 21433272 · DOI: 10.1002/ccd.22817
Extraction: not-recorded · Review: verified · Source state: unknown
Machine extracted: no · Human scientist reviewed: no · Externally validated: no
Incomplete path: claim, extraction-status
Relation between abrupt vessel closure and the anticoagulant response to heparin or bivalirudin during coronary angioplasty.
Claim: Not linked · Evidence: d9923c80bed9b867e857051abe2e3f01
PMID: 9809892 · DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9149(98)00760-7
Extraction: not-recorded · Review: verified · Source state: unknown
Machine extracted: no · Human scientist reviewed: no · Externally validated: no
Incomplete path: claim, extraction-status
Chromogenic and Clot-Based Bivalirudin Assays for Monitoring Anticoagulation.
Claim: Not linked · Evidence: 99dc5bff67d26056af4d48a3baad8220
PMID: 37811688 · DOI: 10.1093/jalm/jfad072
Extraction: not-recorded · Review: verified · Source state: unknown
Machine extracted: no · Human scientist reviewed: no · Externally validated: no
Incomplete path: claim, extraction-status
Bivalirudin Versus Heparin During PCI in NSTEMI: Individual Patient Data Meta-Analysis of Large Randomized Trials.
Claim: Not linked · Evidence: 8a5136cef42b490ffeb46c60aaad4dc7
PMID: 37746717 · DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.123.063946
Extraction: not-recorded · Review: verified · Source state: unknown
Machine extracted: no · Human scientist reviewed: no · Externally validated: no
Incomplete path: claim, extraction-status
Meta-analysis of bivalirudin versus heparin in transradial coronary interventions.
Claim: Not linked · Evidence: 8a90794838e4bd9364b4144c5b6ce232
PMID: 32091668 · DOI: 10.1002/ccd.28800
Extraction: not-recorded · Review: verified · Source state: unknown
Machine extracted: no · Human scientist reviewed: no · Externally validated: no
Incomplete path: claim, extraction-status
Bivalirudin with a post-procedure infusion versus heparin monotherapy for the prevention of stent thrombosis.
Claim: Not linked · Evidence: f460adc97bde469e1e46ee9066a652b3
PMID: 30636368 · DOI: 10.1002/ccd.28065
Extraction: not-recorded · Review: verified · Source state: unknown
Machine extracted: no · Human scientist reviewed: no · Externally validated: no
Incomplete path: claim, extraction-status
Critical Appraisal of Bivalirudin versus Heparin for Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials.
Claim: Not linked · Evidence: 16cb7f717cedbac0a87da98f1e0882d4
PMID: 26010682 · DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0127832
Extraction: not-recorded · Review: verified · Source state: unknown
Machine extracted: no · Human scientist reviewed: no · Externally validated: no
Incomplete path: claim, extraction-status
Bivalirudin versus heparin anticoagulation in patients receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.
Claim: Not linked · Evidence: 0b35779d6ca67a9e6c60451068d4fe7e
PMID: 35616224 · DOI: 10.1177/02676591221105605
Extraction: not-recorded · Review: verified · Source state: unknown
Machine extracted: no · Human scientist reviewed: no · Externally validated: no
Incomplete path: claim, extraction-status
Comparison of Bivalirudin Versus Heparin for Anticoagulation During Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation.
Claim: Not linked · Evidence: 017abe4736bac342de896803aa946097
PMID: 36194483 · DOI: 10.1097/mat.0000000000001814
Extraction: not-recorded · Review: verified · Source state: unknown
Machine extracted: no · Human scientist reviewed: no · Externally validated: no
Incomplete path: claim, extraction-status
Heparin-based versus bivalirudin-based anticoagulation in pediatric extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: A systematic review.
Claim: Not linked · Evidence: 6791777b53bb225cca31e2d459ab0ee9
PMID: 36999064 · DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1137134
Extraction: not-recorded · Review: verified · Source state: unknown
Machine extracted: no · Human scientist reviewed: no · Externally validated: no
Incomplete path: claim, extraction-status
Bivalirudin versus unfractionated heparin in patients with myocardial infarction undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Claim: Not linked · Evidence: 26cf13be3da73e392055f9789c6d8476
PMID: 37872022 · DOI: 10.1016/j.carrev.2023.10.014
Extraction: not-recorded · Review: verified · Source state: unknown
Machine extracted: no · Human scientist reviewed: no · Externally validated: no
Incomplete path: claim, extraction-status
Is bivalirudin an alternative anticoagulant for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) patients? A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Claim: Not linked · Evidence: ccb80ea4bc91450f23461d365933cf75
PMID: 35007937 · DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2021.12.024
Extraction: not-recorded · Review: verified · Source state: unknown
Machine extracted: no · Human scientist reviewed: no · Externally validated: no
Incomplete path: claim, extraction-status
Evaluation of a Bivalirudin Dosing and Monitoring Protocol in Pediatric Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation.
Claim: Not linked · Evidence: 767f4326d4bd4751ede7c3faf5ab025a
PMID: 40717748 · DOI: 10.5863/1551-6776-30.2.218
Extraction: not-recorded · Review: verified · Source state: unknown
Machine extracted: no · Human scientist reviewed: no · Externally validated: no
Incomplete path: claim, extraction-status
Effect of bivalirudin on coagulation in neonatal (cord) and adult human blood in vitro.
Claim: Not linked · Evidence: 941907e8d5e29f1ef4abde20c450009e
PMID: 38055634 · DOI: 10.1111/pan.14814
Extraction: not-recorded · Review: verified · Source state: unknown
Machine extracted: no · Human scientist reviewed: no · Externally validated: no
Incomplete path: claim, extraction-status
Preliminary insights into monitoring bivalirudin anticoagulation: A retrospective cohort study of aPTT versus a chromogenic anti-IIa assay.
Claim: Not linked · Evidence: 77dfac703bfed54d3db97adbcd1cd4f7
PMID: 40245747 · DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinane.2025.111836
Extraction: not-recorded · Review: verified · Source state: unknown
Machine extracted: no · Human scientist reviewed: no · Externally validated: no
Incomplete path: claim, extraction-status
Generated: 9/18/2026, 3:04:06 PM
Funding and conflicts are disclosed and considered, but sponsorship never automatically changes a tier. Corrections, retractions, and expressions of concern override the original rating.
This is a representative, sequence-derived model ordered by residue position only. It is not the peptide's experimentally determined or predicted biological conformation, and it carries no claim about real bond angles, distances, secondary structure, binding sites, or activity.
Evidence searched through: Not recorded
Last accountable review: Not recorded
These are documentary and scientific-review signals, not conclusions of harm, ineffectiveness, safety, or absence of research.
This maturity index describes evidence-base development and governance. It is not a probability of efficacy, safety, truth, medical advice, or regulatory approval. Read the methodology.