{"schemaVersion":"wpf-profile-export-v1","exportedAt":"2026-09-18T15:17:28.879Z","profile":{"slug":"kpv","name":"KPV","aliases":["Lys-Pro-Val","α-MSH(11-13)","KPV tripeptide"],"category":"Alpha-MSH-derived tripeptide"},"synthesis":{"mechanism":"KPV is the C-terminal tripeptide Lys-Pro-Val of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone. Preclinical studies associate KPV and related analogs with anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effects, including modulation of NF-kB-linked signaling and epithelial inflammatory responses.","evidence":"The represented evidence is predominantly biochemical, cell, animal, and formulation research. Related alpha-MSH findings provide mechanistic context but do not establish clinical efficacy of administered KPV in humans.","safety":"Human pharmacokinetics, systemic and topical absorption, immunogenicity, interaction risks, reproductive toxicology, dose-response, and long-term safety are not adequately established. Formulation-specific delivery may materially change exposure.","observationalBoundary":"This profile separates direct KPV studies from alpha-MSH, melanocortin, analog, and drug-delivery context; those related sources are not treated as direct clinical evidence.","openQuestions":"Which formulation and route produce reliable target exposure? 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KPV (Lys-Pro-Val) as a model drug was easily captured by PMSP through electrostatic interactions, thus retaining its bioactivity for a longer …","authors":"Zhao Y, Xue P, Lin G, Tong M, Yang J, Zhang Y, Ran K, Zhuge D, Yao Q, Xu H.","publishingOrg":null,"publicationYear":2022,"doi":"10.1016/j.actbio.2022.02.039","pubmedId":"35245681","jurisdiction":null,"dateAccessed":"2026-09-08T19:33:45.384Z","editorialNotes":"AI-assisted corpus expansion authorized by owner on 2026-09-08. 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Herein …","authors":"Zeng M, Shao A, Li H, Tang Y, Li Q, Guo Z, Wu C, Cheng Y, Tian H, Zhu WH.","publishingOrg":null,"publicationYear":2017,"doi":"10.1021/acsami.7b00936","pubmedId":"28349696","jurisdiction":null,"dateAccessed":"2026-09-08T19:33:45.384Z","editorialNotes":"AI-assisted corpus expansion authorized by owner on 2026-09-08. 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